资讯

上海

课程咨询: 400-810-2680

预约高中1对1精品课程(面授/在线),满足学员个性化学习需求 马上报名↓

获取验证码

请选择城市

  • 上海

请选择意向校区

请选择年级

请选择科目

立即体验
当前位置:北京学而思1对1 > 高中教育 > 高中资讯 > 正文
内容页banner-1对1体验

高一人教版英语基础知识点,北京考生不可错过的知识点!

2020-03-28 23:39:01  来源:网络整理

    点击领取→高中人教版全套电子教材+全科知识点汇总

 

高一人教版英语基础知识点,北京考生不可错过的知识点!在做英语题目时,同学们不要只凭感觉,要主动查字典,翻课本,力求作对每一个题,不懂的要问。平时抓得紧,学习效率高,知识记得牢,考前复习就很轻松了,较后才能轻松地取得好成绩!下面来看看英语基础知识点有哪些吧!

  一. 直接引语和间接引语

  (一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

  1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,等等。例如:

  Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

  →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

  2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化,例如:

  She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”

  →She asked Jack where he had been.

  He said,“These books are mine.”

  →He said that those books were his.

  (二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句,则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked,可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如:

  She said,“Is your father at home?”

  →She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

  “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.

  →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

  直接引语如果是祈使句,改为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式前加not。其句型为:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:

  She said to us,“Please sit down.”

  →She asked us to sit down.

  He said to him,“Go away!”

  →He ordered him to go away.

  He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

  →He told the boys not to make so much noise.

  二. 各种时态的被动语态

  被动语态概述

  被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.

  被动语态的构成

  被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下:

  1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词

  例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.

  2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词

  例如:These trees were planted the year before last.

  3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词

  例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

  4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词

  例如:Your radio is being repaired now.

  5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词

  When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

  6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词

  His work has been finished.

  Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.

  7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词

  注意:

  1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.

  2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如:

  More attention should be paid to the old in this country.

  This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.

  3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语,其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如:

  The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.

  All these books are to be taken to the library.

  4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别:“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构,与被动语态的形式完全一样,所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词,多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者,而后者则不可以。例如:

  The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)

  That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)

  系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰,被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。

  例如:

  He was very excited.(系表结构)

  He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

  5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如:

  These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。

  The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。

  The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。

 

  另外学而思爱智康的老师还为大家精心准备了:

  高中人教版全套电子教材+全科知识点汇总

点击链接?https://jinshuju.net/f/p4vjuF或下方图片即可领取!

     

 

同时,也向您推荐高中学业规划课程、高考志愿填报课程

点击链接?https://jinshuju.net/f/HXIXwC或下方图片即可预约!

 

以上就是小编特意为大家整理的高一人教版英语基础知识点,北京考生不可错过的知识点!的相关内容,同学们在学习的过程中如有疑问或者想要获取更多资料,欢迎拨打学而思爱智康免费电话: 更有专业的老师为大家解答相关问题!

 

小编推荐:

  2019高一人教版生物知识点,北京考生快来学起来~

  如何学好高中地理!北京高一人教版必修二地理知识点总结

文章来源于网络整理,如有侵权,请联系删除,邮箱fanpeipei@100tal.com

文章下长方图-高三一轮复习史地政资料
你可能感兴趣的文章
立即领取中小学热门学习资料
*我们在24小时内与您取得电话联系
侧边图-寒假1对1