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11、some
用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用
如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?
12、代词
人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。
宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后
如：Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。
宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。
形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13、介词
介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing形式
如：be good at running;
do well in jumping;
14、时间介词
季节前，月份前用介词in
如：in summer；in March
具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on
如：on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning
在几点钟前用介词at
如： at a quarter to four;
只在上下午晚上用in
如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;
但在夜间用at night。
另：季节，月份和星期前不好加the.
15、名词复数构成的方法
有规则的有：
(1)直接在名词后加s
(2)如orange—oranges; photo—photos;
(3) 以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es
(4) 如：box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches
(5) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
(6) 如：study—studies；library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;
(7)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v＋es如：knife—knives; thief—thieves（注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,）
不规则的有：
man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children
16、动词第三人称单数的构成
(1)直接在动词后加s
如：run—runs; dance—dances
(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es
(3)如：do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
如：study—studies; carry—carries;
17、现在分词的构成
(1)直接在动词后加ing
如：sing—singing; ski—skiing;
(2)双写词尾加ing
如：swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;
(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing
如：ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;
18、规则动词过去式的构成
(1)直接在动词后加ed
如：clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;
(2)以e结尾的直接加d
如：dance—danced; taste—tasted;
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed
如：study—studied;carry—carried;
(4)双写词尾加ed
如：stop—stopped; jog—jogged;
不 规则的有：am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet— met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;
19、形容词副词比较级的构成
规则的：
(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er
如；small—smaller; low—lower;
(2)以e结尾的加r
如：late—larer;
(3)双写词尾加er
如：big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;
(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er
如：heavy—heavier; early—earlier;
不规则的有：
good, well—better(更高级为best); many, much--- more(更高级为most);
far---farther;
20、rain与snow的用法
(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词
如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是：
动词原形rain， snow；
第三人称单数rains ，snows；
现在分词raining； snowing
过去式rained； snowed;
如：①Look! It is raining now. 瞧！天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的
如：It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。
小一至小五年级期末试题答案
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