上海初中英语“短语动词和句型”知识点梳理(4)

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　　3)在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at使役动词let, make, have等的复合宾语种，不定式须省去to。但变为被动句时，省去的to要加上。例如：

　　I saw him go into the room.

　　He was seen to go into the room.

　　4. 初中阶段主要句型的用法。

　　1. It's time to (for) .... 表“时间到了;该干…的时间了”之意。

　　It's time to go home.

　　It's time for school.

　　注意：to的后面接动词短语，而for的后面接名词。

　　2. It's bad (good) for ... 表示“对…有害(有益)的”含义。

　　Please don't smoke. It's bad for your health.

　　Please take more exercise. It's good for your health.

　　3. be late for (school) 是“上学(迟到)”之意。for后面还可以接meeting或class。

　　He was late for school this morning.

　　Don't be late for class, please.

　　4. had better do / not do sth. 表示“较好做/不做某事”之意。

　　You had better put on the coat when you go out. It's cold outside.

　　We had better stop to have a rest.

　　注意：用had better时，后面一定要直接跟动词原形，决不能加to do sth. 否定一定用在第二个动词之前，是动词不定式的否定式。

　　5. be (feel) afraid of ... 表示“恐怕”，“害怕…”之意。

　　He is afraid of snakes.

　　Mary feels afraid of going out alone.

　　6. enjoy doing sth. 是“喜欢(爱好)做某事”之意，doing是动名词作动词enjoy的宾语。enjoy有欣赏之意。

　　Are you enjoy living in Beijing?

　　Do you enjoy listening to music?

　　7. stop doing sth. 停止做某事

　　stop to do sth. 停下来做某事

　　It's time for class. Stop talking, please.

　　When she saw me, she stopped to talk with me.

　　8. Let (make) sb. do 让(使)某人做某事。

　　Let's go to school.

　　Father made his son clean the room again.

　　注意：当make sb. do sth. 用于被动语态时，第二个动词前面就一定要加to了。如：

　　His son was made to clean the room again.

　　he was made to work twelve hours a day in the past.

　　9. like to do / like doing sth. 是“喜欢做某事”之意。

　　like to do sth. 是表示比较具体的喜欢做某事;like doing sth. 是表示宠统的喜欢做某事。如：

　　I like to swim in the swimming pool.

　　我喜欢在游泳池中游泳。(喜欢的具体的地方游泳)

　　I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳(只讲喜欢这项运动)

　　10. ask (tell) sb. to do. (not to do) sth. 请(让)某人(不)做某事

　　Jim asked his mother to help him with his lessons.

　　When did you tell him not to shout loudly?

　　11. give (lend) sb. sth. = give (lend) sth. to sb. 给(借给)某人某物

　　Mike gave me a new pair of stockings.

　　Please lend us your car.

　　12. be busy doing sth. 表示“忙于做某事”之意。

　　The students are busy getting ready for the exams.

　　Is Mrs Black busy washing clothes?

　　13. too ... to ... 表示“太…以致不能…”的含义。

　　She is too young to go to school.

　　The old man was too tired to walk farther.

　　14. not……until …… 是“直……才……”之意。

　　My daughter didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock last night.

　　We won't have time to rest until the summer holiday comes.

　　15. so ……that 是“如此……以致……”的意思。

　　Peter is so clever that all the teachers like him very much.

　　The song is so wonderful that everyone likes to listen to it.

　　16. neither ……nor ……是“既不……也不……”之意。

　　Mr. Smith is neither a worker nor a soldier. He is a scientist.

　　Neither you nor I am free.